1. Describe the climate zone/biome of the Nile River area.
The Nile River is so long that there are several different climate zones, ranging from rainforest to desert. The Northern area of the Nile River, in Sudan and Egypt, there is nearly no rainfall. However, in Ethiopia, the southern part, there are heavy rains during the summer months. There are parts along the Nile River that have more tropical climates, with lots of rainfall. The rainy season is usually around April to October. Further North, the land is characterized as being a desert. It’s very hot and dry, or arid. There are often sandstorms during the spring months, which last from three to four days.
2. List the vegetation and natural resources available.
Because of the Nile’s flooding, there was plenty of silt and fertile soil for the Egyptians to farm. Egyptians were then able to farm wheat, barley, and vegetables such as onions, lettuce, and beans. The Nile also gave water and mud to the Egyptians. The mud was useful for farming, while the water could be used for both farming and drinking.
3. Explain how water, mud, plants, and animals were all “gifts of the Nile” to the Egyptians.
Because of the Nile, farmers were able to grow flourishing crops, such as wheat, barley, onions, lettuce, and beans. Egyptian farmers also raised cattle, goats, sheep and pigs for food. However, plants and animals weren’t always used as food. For example, fibers of the flax plant were used to spin linen thread, and sheep’s wool was also spun and woven. Water wasn’t only used as a farming technique, but also for the more obvious purpose – to drink it. Mud was useful for crops and for building things, a true gift of the Nile.
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